{"id":11681,"date":"2023-05-24T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-05-24T07:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/?p=11681"},"modified":"2023-05-24T18:31:22","modified_gmt":"2023-05-24T15:31:22","slug":"fermerl%c9%99r%c9%99-m%c9%99sl%c9%99h%c9%99t","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/?p=11681","title":{"rendered":"Fermerl\u0259r\u0259 m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u00dcz\u00fcml\u00fckl\u0259rd\u0259 vaxt\u0131nda yerin\u0259 yetiril\u0259n ya\u015f\u0131l \u0259m\u0259liyyat y\u00fcks\u0259k keyfiyy\u0259tli v\u0259 bol m\u0259hsulun al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259min edir<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

May ay\u0131 \u00fcz\u00fcm\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fckd\u0259 aqrotexniki, aqrokimy\u0259vi, bitki m\u00fchafiz\u0259 t\u0259dbirl\u0259ri, torpaq bec\u0259rm\u0259l\u0259ri v\u0259 dig\u0259r i\u015fl\u0259rin \u00e7oxlu\u011fu il\u0259 se\u00e7il\u0259n aylardand\u0131r. Bu ayda \u0259n vacib t\u0259dbirl\u0259rd\u0259n biri d\u0259 t\u0259n\u0259yin ya\u015f\u0131l hiss\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 apar\u0131lan \u0259m\u0259liyyatlard\u0131r. Aqrotexniki t\u0259dbirl\u0259r kompleksind\u0259 t\u0259n\u0259kd\u0259 ya\u015f\u0131l \u0259m\u0259liyyatlar\u0131n apar\u0131l\u00admas\u0131 \u0259sas t\u0259dbirl\u0259rd\u0259n biridir. Bu t\u0259dbirl\u0259rin vaxt\u0131nda v\u0259 keyfiyy\u0259tli yerin\u0259 yetirilm\u0259si bol v\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259k keyfiyy\u0259tli m\u0259hsulun al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259min edir. Bu \u0259m\u0259liyyat t\u0259n\u0259yin f\u0259al vegetasiya d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 apar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bir \u00e7ox fizioloji prosesl\u0259r\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rir. T\u0259n\u0259yin ya\u015f\u0131l hiss\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 apar\u0131lan \u0259m\u0259liyyatlara ya\u015f\u0131l zo\u011flar\u0131n qopar\u0131l\u00admas\u0131, ya\u015f\u0131l zo\u011flar\u0131n ba\u011flanmas\u0131, zo\u011flar\u0131n ucundan qopar\u0131lmas\u0131, bicvurma, zo\u011flar\u0131n ucunun vurulmas\u0131, \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259k salx\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n qopar\u0131lmas\u0131, \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259k qruplar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcni v\u0259 \u0259lav\u0259 tozland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 s. aiddir.<\/p>\n\n\n

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Ya\u015f\u0131l zo\u011flar\u0131n qopar\u0131lmas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ya\u015f\u0131l zo\u011flar\u0131n qopar\u0131lmas\u0131 \u0259m\u0259liyyat\u0131nda m\u0259qs\u0259d t\u0259n\u0259yin b\u00f6y\u00fcm\u0259 g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u0259 m\u00fcvafiq olaraq onun zo\u011flarla y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc d\u00fczg\u00fcn t\u0259yin etm\u0259kdir. Bundan \u0259lav\u0259 bu \u0259m\u0259liyyat vasit\u0259si il\u0259 t\u0259n\u0259yin d\u00fczg\u00fcn formala\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, h\u0259m\u00e7inin havalanman\u0131n yax\u015f\u0131 getm\u0259si v\u0259 yarpaqlar\u0131n yax\u015f\u0131 i\u015f\u0131qland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn zo\u011flar\u0131n eyni s\u0259viyy\u0259d\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si t\u0259min edilir. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 ya\u015f\u0131l zo\u011flar\u0131n qopar\u0131lmas\u0131 quru budaman\u0131 tamamlay\u0131r, b\u0259zi hallarda is\u0259 quru budama zaman\u0131 burax\u0131lm\u0131\u015f n\u00f6qsanlar\u0131 aradan qald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. T\u0259n\u0259kl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn laz\u0131ms\u0131z olan ya\u015f\u0131l zo\u011flar onlar\u0131n b\u00f6y\u00fcm\u0259sinin ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\u0131nda apar\u0131l\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6vrd\u0259 onlar \u0259l il\u0259 asan qopar\u0131l\u0131r v\u0259 t\u0259n\u0259kd\u0259 yara \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259tirmir. Az\u0259rbaycan \u015f\u0259raitind\u0259 t\u0259n\u0259kd\u0259 olan art\u0131q ya\u015f\u0131l zo\u011flar\u0131n qopar\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u015fini iki-\u00fc\u00e7 d\u0259f\u0259 aparmaq laz\u0131md\u0131r. Birinci qopar\u0131lma t\u0259n\u0259yin g\u00f6vd\u0259sind\u0259 v\u0259 \u00e7oxillik zo\u011flar\u0131n \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 ya\u015f\u0131l zo\u011flar\u0131n uzunlu\u011fu 10-12 santimetr\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131qdan sonra apar\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130kinci qopar\u0131lma is\u0259 \u0259v\u0259zedici \u00e7ilikl\u0259r v\u0259 bar zo\u011flar\u0131 \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259ki ya\u015f\u0131l zo\u011flarda \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259k qruplar\u0131 ayd\u0131n se\u00e7il\u0259nd\u0259, y\u0259ni barl\u0131 zo\u011flar\u0131 m\u0259hsulsuz zo\u011flardan ay\u0131rmaq m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu zaman apar\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zo\u011flar\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc qopar\u0131lmas\u0131 is\u0259 \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r bicvurma \u0259m\u0259liyyat\u0131 il\u0259 eyni vaxtda apar\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0259n\u0259kl\u0259rin ya\u015f\u0131l hiss\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 apar\u0131lan \u0259m\u0259liyyatlar\u0131n g\u00f6st\u0259ril\u0259n vaxtdan gec apar\u0131lmas\u0131 laz\u0131ms\u0131z zo\u011flar\u0131n b\u00f6y\u00fcm\u0259sin\u0259, \u00e7oxlu qida madd\u0259l\u0259rinin s\u0259rf olunmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olur v\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 t\u0259n\u0259k xeyli z\u0259ifl\u0259yir. Eyni zamanda zo\u011flar\u0131n qopar\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00e7\u0259tinl\u0259\u015fir, \u00e7\u00fcnki onlar g\u00fccl\u00fc inki\u015faf ed\u0259r\u0259k m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259nir v\u0259 onlar\u0131 k\u0259sm\u0259k laz\u0131m g\u0259lir. Bu is\u0259 t\u0259n\u0259y\u0259 iri yaralar vurulmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olur v\u0259 \u00e7ox vaxt t\u0259l\u0259b edir. Zo\u011flar\u0131n qopar\u0131lma \u0259m\u0259liyyat\u0131 zaman\u0131 g\u00f6vd\u0259d\u0259n v\u0259 qollardan inki\u015faf ed\u0259n b\u00fct\u00fcn ya\u015f\u0131l zo\u011flar (sulu, yaxud haram\u0131 zo\u011flar), h\u0259m\u00e7inin t\u0259n\u0259yin yeralt\u0131 hiss\u0259sind\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xan p\u00f6hr\u0259 zo\u011flar k\u0259silib at\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. B\u0259zi hallarda, p\u00f6hr\u0259 zo\u011flar laz\u0131m g\u0259l\u0259rs\u0259 g\u00f6vd\u0259nin  v\u0259 qolun cavanla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, h\u0259m\u00e7inin basma (l\u00fcg\u0259nd\u0259)  m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 saxlan\u0131la bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bundan sonra \u0259v\u0259zedici \u00e7ilikl\u0259rin v\u0259 bar zo\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n  \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259ki ya\u015f\u0131l zo\u011flar\u0131n bir qismi qopar\u0131l\u0131r. \u018fv\u0259zedici \u00e7ilikl\u0259r \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 inki\u015faf ed\u0259n 2-3 zo\u011fdan \u0259n z\u0259if olan\u0131 qopar\u0131l\u0131r. \u018fg\u0259r \u00e7iliyin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 hiss\u0259sind\u0259ki ya\u015f\u0131l zo\u011f t\u0259n\u0259yin daxili hiss\u0259sin\u0259 y\u00f6n\u0259lmi\u015f olarsa, o qopar\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu qaydaya riay\u0259t edil\u0259rs\u0259, budama zaman\u0131 h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 yaralar qolun bir t\u0259r\u0259fin\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bar zo\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n (barmaqlar\u0131n) a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zc\u00fckl\u0259rind\u0259n inki\u015faf ed\u0259n  zo\u011flar (2-3 zo\u011f) \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 salx\u0131m olub-olmamas\u0131ndan as\u0131l\u0131 olmayaraq m\u00fctl\u0259q saxlan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnki, onlardan g\u0259l\u0259n il bar zo\u011fu kimi istifad\u0259 edil\u0259c\u0259kdir. Lakin bu hiss\u0259d\u0259ki tumurcuqdan qo\u015fa zo\u011flar inki\u015faf edibs\u0259, z\u0259ifi qopar\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00dcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259 is\u0259 t\u0259n\u0259kd\u0259 inki\u015faf etmi\u015f bars\u0131z v\u0259 z\u0259if inki\u015faf etmi\u015f zo\u011flar\u0131n bir qismi qopar\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cavan \u00fcz\u00fcml\u00fckl\u0259rd\u0259 laz\u0131ms\u0131z ya\u015f\u0131l zo\u011flar\u0131n qopar\u0131lmas\u0131na ciddi fikir verm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r. Cavan t\u0259n\u0259kl\u0259rd\u0259 \u00e7oxlu ya\u015f\u0131l zo\u011flar inki\u015faf edir. Bunlardan ikisi saxlan\u0131lmal\u0131, qalanlar\u0131 is\u0259 qopar\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ya\u015f\u0131l zo\u011flar\u0131n qopar\u0131lmas\u0131 zaman\u0131 h\u0259r bir t\u0259n\u0259y\u0259 f\u0259rdi yana\u015f\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dcz\u00fcmd\u0259 barl\u0131 zo\u011flar\u0131n bars\u0131z zo\u011flara nisb\u0259ti m\u0259hsuldarl\u0131\u011fa v\u0259 \u015f\u0259k\u0259rliliy\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck t\u0259sir edir v\u0259 bioloji x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olaraq h\u0259r bir sortun konkret \u015f\u0259raitd\u0259 zo\u011flar nisb\u0259ti m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilm\u0259lidir. Bel\u0259 ki, <\/em>Avropa sortlar\u0131nda (A\u011f \u015fasla, Aliqote, Kaberne Sovinyon, \u015eardone, Boz pino v\u0259 s.) 4:1, y\u0259ni 4 barl\u0131 zo\u011fa 1 bars\u0131z zo\u011f saxlan\u0131l\u0131r. A\u011f \u015fan\u0131, Qara \u015fan\u0131 v\u0259 Qaraburnu sortlar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bu nisb\u0259t 2:1, Bayan\u015fir\u0259, M\u0259dr\u0259s\u0259, M\u0259l\u0259yi sortlar\u0131nda 3:1, T\u0259brizi sortunda is\u0259 bu nisb\u0259t 2:1-dir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssisl\u0259rin fikrinc\u0259, bars\u0131z zo\u011flar\u0131n bars\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 ham\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 qopar\u0131b atmaq olmaz. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 bunlar\u0131n qopar\u0131lma d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259si kolun \u00fcmumi v\u0259ziyy\u0259tin\u0259 uy\u011funla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Barl\u0131 v\u0259 bars\u0131z zo\u011flar a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 nisb\u0259td\u0259 nizamlana bil\u0259r: 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, 5:1 v\u0259 6:1. Burada birinci r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259r barl\u0131, ikinci r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259r is\u0259 bars\u0131z zo\u011flar\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rir. T\u0259n\u0259yin g\u00fcc\u00fc artd\u0131qca bu nisb\u0259tl\u0259r azal\u0131r, z\u0259if g\u00fcc\u0259 malik olan sortlarda is\u0259 \u00e7oxal\u0131r, y\u0259ni h\u0259r 5-6 barl\u0131 zo\u011fa bir bars\u0131z zo\u011f saxlan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zo\u011flar\u0131n ucunun qopar\u0131lmas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

 <\/strong>Bu ya\u015f\u0131l \u0259m\u0259liyyat \u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fcn \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259m\u0259sind\u0259n 5-6 g\u00fcn \u0259vv\u0259l apar\u0131l\u0131r. Zo\u011flar\u0131n ucunun qopar\u0131lmas\u0131nda \u0259sas m\u0259qs\u0259d onlar\u0131n b\u00f6y\u00fcm\u0259sini m\u00fcv\u0259qq\u0259ti olaraq l\u0259ngitm\u0259kl\u0259, b\u00f6y\u00fcm\u0259y\u0259 s\u0259rf olunan qida madd\u0259l\u0259rini \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259k qruplar\u0131na y\u00f6n\u0259ltm\u0259kl\u0259, \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259rin qidalanmas\u0131n\u0131 yax\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131rmaq v\u0259 \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259yin \u00e7oxlu miq\u00addarda t\u00f6k\u00fclm\u0259sinin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaqd\u0131r. Bundan ba\u015fqa bu \u0259m\u0259liyyat vasit\u0259sil\u0259  n\u00f6vb\u0259ti ilin m\u0259hsul zo\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131, q\u0131\u015flay\u0131c\u0131 g\u00f6zc\u00fckl\u0259rin daha yax\u015f\u0131 inki\u015faf etm\u0259si t\u0259min edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zo\u011fun ucunun qopar\u0131lmas\u0131 \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 zo\u011fun b\u00f6y\u00fcm\u0259sini 10-15 g\u00fcn dayand\u0131r\u0131r v\u0259 sonra inki\u015faf ed\u0259n bicl\u0259rin hesab\u0131na b\u00f6y\u00fcm\u0259 yenid\u0259n b\u0259rpa edilir. Zo\u011fun boy inki\u015faf\u0131 dayanan zaman o yo\u011funla\u015f\u0131r, \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259k qrupunun, \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259yin b\u00f6y\u00fcm\u0259si g\u00fccl\u0259nir v\u0259 mayalanma yax\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hermafrodit (ikicinsli) \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259k tipli \u00fcz\u00fcm sortlar\u0131nda \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259rin t\u00f6k\u00fclm\u0259\u00adsinin \u0259sas s\u0259b\u0259bi \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259m\u0259 zaman\u0131 onlara plastik madd\u0259l\u0259rin kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r g\u0259lm\u0259m\u0259sidir. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 zo\u011flar\u0131n ucunun qopar\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259rin t\u00f6k\u00fclm\u0259sin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 apar\u0131lan t\u0259dbirl\u0259rd\u0259n biridir. Zo\u011flar\u0131n ucunun z\u0259if qopar\u0131lmas\u0131 (b\u00f6y\u00fcm\u0259 n\u00f6qt\u0259sinin q\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131) m\u0259hsuldarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 art\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn laz\u0131m fayda vermir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sortlar\u0131n x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olaraq zo\u011fdak\u0131 ax\u0131r\u0131nc\u0131 \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259k salx\u0131m\u0131n\u00addan sonra 2-3 v\u0259 4-5 yarpaq saxlayaraq zo\u011fun qopar\u0131l\u0131b k\u0259nar edilm\u0259si yax\u015f\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259 verir. Y\u00fcks\u0259k boyatmaya malik olan sortlarda, suvarma \u015f\u0259raitind\u0259 zo\u011flarda \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259k salx\u0131mlar\u0131ndan sonra 5-7 yarpa\u011f\u0131n saxlan\u0131lmas\u0131, bic zo\u011flar\u0131n nisb\u0259t\u0259n gec \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259lm\u0259sin\u0259 v\u0259 m\u0259hsuldarl\u0131\u011fa m\u00fcsb\u0259t t\u0259sir edir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bicvurma<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0259n\u0259kl\u0259rd\u0259 ya\u015f\u0131l zo\u011flardak\u0131 yarpaq qoltu\u011fundan ikinci s\u0131ra zo\u011flar \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r ki, buna bic zo\u011flar deyilir. Bu zo\u011flar\u0131n qopar\u0131l\u0131b at\u0131lmas\u0131na bicvurma \u0259m\u0259liyyat\u0131 deyilir. Bu zo\u011flardan m\u0259hsulverm\u0259, \u00e7oxaltma, forma verilm\u0259sind\u0259, \u015faxta\u00addan z\u0259d\u0259l\u0259nmi\u015f \u00fcz\u00fcml\u00fckl\u0259rin b\u0259rpas\u0131nda istifad\u0259 edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bic zo\u011flar h\u0259m adi \u015f\u0259raitd\u0259, h\u0259m d\u0259 zo\u011flar\u0131n ucunun qopar\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259lir. Zo\u011flar\u0131n ucu qopar\u0131ld\u0131qdan 7-10 g\u00fcn sonra bic zo\u011flar inki\u015faf etm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r. Bicvurma t\u0259n\u0259yin i\u015f\u0131qlanma v\u0259 havalanma rejimini t\u0259nzim edir. Bununla da t\u0259n\u0259kd\u0259 salx\u0131m v\u0259 gil\u0259l\u0259r normal \u015f\u0259k\u0259rlilik toplay\u0131r, gil\u0259l\u0259r b\u0259rab\u0259r yeti\u015fir, x\u0259st\u0259lik v\u0259 z\u0259r\u0259rvericil\u0259rl\u0259 siray\u0259tl\u0259nm\u0259 xeyli azal\u0131r ki, bu da m\u00fcbariz\u0259 i\u015fini asanla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Torpaq-iqlim \u015f\u0259raitind\u0259n, sortun bioloji x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tind\u0259n, t\u0259n\u0259yin y\u00fck\u00fcnd\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olaraq bicvurma bir ne\u00e7\u0259 d\u0259f\u0259 apar\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Birinci bicvurma \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259m\u0259d\u0259n 3-5 g\u00fcn qabaq (\u0259g\u0259r bic zo\u011flar g\u00fccl\u00fc inki\u015faf edibs\u0259), ikinci bicvurma is\u0259 \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259m\u0259d\u0259n t\u0259xmin\u0259n 10-15 g\u00fcn sonra apar\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. M\u00fcnbit torpaqlarda v\u0259 suvarma \u015f\u0259raitind\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259k boy g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u0259 malik olan sortlarda bic zo\u011flar t\u0259krar \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259 bil\u0259r. Bu halda onlar gil\u0259l\u0259rin yeti\u015fm\u0259sin\u0259 mane olacaqd\u0131r. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 t\u0259krar bicvurma h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilm\u0259lidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bicvurma zaman\u0131 b\u0259zi qaydalara \u0259m\u0259l edilm\u0259lidir. Bel\u0259 ki, barl\u0131 zo\u011flar\u0131n \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259ki bic zo\u011flar dibind\u0259n qopar\u0131l\u0131b at\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u018fv\u0259zetm\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn se\u00e7ilmi\u015f zo\u011flarda 2-3 yarpaq saxlan\u0131la bil\u0259r. Boy g\u00fcc\u00fc z\u0259if olan t\u0259n\u0259kl\u0259rd\u0259 \u00e7ox isti v\u0259 quru iqlimi olan rayonlarda bicvurma apar\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Bel\u0259 ki, g\u00fcn\u0259\u015f \u015f\u00fcalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ox d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259si n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 salx\u0131m v\u0259 gil\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 yan\u0131q \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Ya\u015f\u0131l zo\u011flar\u0131n ba\u011flanmas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ya\u015f\u0131l zo\u011flar\u0131 q\u0131r\u0131lmaqdan qorumaq, onlara ist\u0259nil\u0259n istiqam\u0259t verib \u015fpa\u00adlerd\u0259 bir b\u0259rab\u0259rd\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k, c\u0259rg\u0259aralar\u0131n\u0131n bec\u0259rilm\u0259sini asanla\u015fd\u0131rmaq, x\u0259st\u0259lik v\u0259 z\u0259r\u0259rvericil\u0259r\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcbariz\u0259nin s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259sini art\u0131rmaq, t\u0259n\u0259y\u0259 nor\u00admal i\u015f\u0131q d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259sini t\u0259min etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn zo\u011flar ba\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Birinci ya\u015f\u0131l ba\u011flama i\u015fi zo\u011flarda ucqoparma \u0259m\u0259liyyat\u0131 il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 zo\u011fun uzunlu\u011fu 40-50 sm-\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131qda, ikinci ba\u011flama is\u0259 \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259m\u0259d\u0259n 8-10 g\u00fcn sonra,  zo\u011flar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc m\u0259ftil\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131qda apar\u0131l\u0131r. Ya\u015f\u0131l zo\u011flar bir ne\u00e7\u0259 \u00fcsulla (mexaniki v\u0259 \u0259l il\u0259) h\u0259yata ke\u00e7iril\u0259 bil\u0259r v\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif ba\u011flama materiallar\u0131ndan istifad\u0259 edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ucvurma<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ucvurma zo\u011flar\u0131n b\u00f6y\u00fcm\u0259sini dayand\u0131rmaq, salx\u0131mlara hava v\u0259 i\u015f\u0131q ke\u00e7m\u0259sini asanla\u015fd\u0131rmaq, salx\u0131mlar\u0131n v\u0259 zo\u011flar\u0131n yeti\u015fm\u0259sini s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259k v\u0259 yax\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131rmaq, q\u0131\u015flay\u0131c\u0131 tumurcuqlar\u0131n formala\u015fmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u015f\u0259rait yaratmaq m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 apar\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ucvurman\u0131n \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 vaxt\u0131 zo\u011flar\u0131n b\u00f6y\u00fcm\u0259sinin z\u0259ifl\u0259diyi d\u00f6vrd\u00fcr. Ucvurma ad\u0259t\u0259n torpaq-iqlim \u015f\u0259raitind\u0259n, sortun bioloji x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olaraq iyul ay\u0131n\u0131n ax\u0131rlar\u0131, avqust ay\u0131n\u0131n \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 apar\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ucvurma vaxt\u0131ndan \u0259vv\u0259l apar\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Vaxt\u0131ndan tez apar\u0131lan ucvurma bicl\u0259rin g\u00fccl\u00fc inki\u015faf\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b ola bil\u0259r. Ucvurma ba\u011f qay\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 v\u0259 ya oraqvari ba\u011f b\u0131\u00e7aqlar\u0131 il\u0259 apar\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yarpaq alma, yaxud yarpaq qoparma<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0259mli v\u0259 s\u0259rin b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 s\u0131x \u0259kilmi\u015f \u00fcz\u00fcm ba\u011flar\u0131nda yarpaqlar \u00fcz\u00fcm salx\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 k\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k ona i\u015f\u0131q d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259sinin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r, gil\u0259l\u0259rin r\u0259ng almas\u0131 v\u0259 intensivl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si azal\u0131r. H\u0259tta havalanma getm\u0259diyind\u0259n g\u00f6b\u0259l\u0259k x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259rinin inki\u015faf\u0131 intensivl\u0259\u015fir. Bunlar\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn salx\u0131mlara k\u00f6lg\u0259 salan yarpaqlar qopar\u0131l\u0131r. Ancaq yarpaq qoparma el\u0259 apar\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r ki, fotosintezin intensivliyi azalmas\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7i\u00e7\u0259k salx\u0131mlar\u0131 v\u0259 salx\u0131mlar\u0131n seyr\u0259ldilm\u0259si<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0259n\u0259kd\u0259 \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259r formala\u015fd\u0131qdan bir q\u0259d\u0259r sonra (\u00e7i\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259m\u0259d\u0259n xeyli qabaq), \u0259g\u0259r t\u0259n\u0259kd\u0259 h\u0259dd\u0259n art\u0131q \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259k inki\u015faf ed\u0259rs\u0259 onlar\u0131n bir qismi qopar\u0131l\u0131b at\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130lk \u00f6nc\u0259 x\u0131rda v\u0259 z\u0259if inki\u015faf ed\u0259n \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259k topalar\u0131 qopar\u0131l\u0131b at\u0131l\u0131r.  \u00c7i\u00e7\u0259k qoparma t\u0259n\u0259yin inki\u015faf qabiliyy\u0259tin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 t\u0259nziml\u0259n\u0259r\u0259k, h\u0259r bir zo\u011fa d\u00fc\u015f\u0259n 1-4 salx\u0131m miqdar\u0131nda saxlan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00dcz\u00fcm \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259kd\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131qdan sonra normal formala\u015fmayan salx\u0131mlar\u0131n da qopar\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u0259qs\u0259d\u0259uy\u011fundur. Salx\u0131m seyr\u0259ltm\u0259 zaman\u0131 \u00fcz\u00fcmd\u0259 normal inki\u015faf etmi\u015f salx\u0131mlar\u0131 da qoparmaq olar. Bu daha keyfiyy\u0259tli v\u0259 m\u0259qs\u0259dy\u00f6nl\u00fc m\u0259hsulun al\u0131nmas\u0131 m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gil\u0259 seyr\u0259ltm\u0259<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7ox nadir rast g\u0259lin\u0259n \u0259m\u0259liyyatd\u0131r. Bu zaman salx\u0131mlar\u0131n uc hiss\u0259sind\u0259ki qanadlardan v\u0259 gil\u0259l\u0259rin s\u0131x olan yerind\u0259n gil\u0259l\u0259r qopar\u0131l\u0131r. Gil\u0259l\u0259r formala\u015fd\u0131qdan sonra h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilir. \u00dcz\u00fcmd\u0259n x\u00fcsusi m\u0259qs\u0259dy\u00f6nl\u00fc m\u0259hsulun al\u0131nmas\u0131 zaman\u0131 t\u0259tbiq edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7i\u00e7\u0259k v\u0259 salx\u0131m  qoparma, salx\u0131m\u0131n ucunun k\u0259silm\u0259si v\u0259 s. \u0259m\u0259liyyatlar \u0259sas\u0259n s\u00fcfr\u0259 \u00fcz\u00fcm\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcy\u00fcnd\u0259 t\u0259tbiq olunur. Burada m\u0259qs\u0259d yeti\u015fdiril\u0259n \u00fcz\u00fcmd\u0259n g\u00f6z\u0259l r\u0259ng\u0259, y\u00fcks\u0259k \u0259mt\u0259\u0259lik g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u0259, dad keyfiyy\u0259tin\u0259, irigil\u0259y\u0259 v\u0259 s. \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 malik m\u0259hsulun al\u0131nmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00dcz\u00fcml\u00fckl\u0259rd\u0259 vaxt\u0131nda yerin\u0259 yetiril\u0259n ya\u015f\u0131l \u0259m\u0259liyyat y\u00fcks\u0259k keyfiyy\u0259tli v\u0259 bol m\u0259hsulun al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259min edir May ay\u0131 \u00fcz\u00fcm\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fckd\u0259 aqrotexniki, aqrokimy\u0259vi, bitki m\u00fchafiz\u0259 t\u0259dbirl\u0259ri, torpaq bec\u0259rm\u0259l\u0259ri v\u0259 dig\u0259r i\u015fl\u0259rin \u00e7oxlu\u011fu il\u0259 se\u00e7il\u0259n aylardand\u0131r. Bu ayda \u0259n vacib…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":11682,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11681"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=11681"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11681\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11684,"href":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11681\/revisions\/11684"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/11682"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=11681"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=11681"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=11681"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}