{"id":13272,"date":"2023-07-09T06:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-07-09T03:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/?p=13272"},"modified":"2023-07-07T20:16:55","modified_gmt":"2023-07-07T17:16:55","slug":"zoonoz-x%c9%99st%c9%99likl%c9%99r-nec%c9%99-yayilir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/?p=13272","title":{"rendered":"Zoonoz x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r nec\u0259 yay\u0131l\u0131r?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Zoonoz x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r nec\u0259 yay\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Heyvanlardan insanlara v\u0259 ya insanlardan heyvanlara ke\u00e7\u0259 bil\u0259n v\u0259 h\u0259m insanlarda, h\u0259m d\u0259 heyvanlarda m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 edil\u0259n yoluxucu x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r var. \u00dcmumd\u00fcnya S\u0259hiyy\u0259 T\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131 v\u0259 BMT-nin \u018frzaq v\u0259 K\u0259nd T\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131 T\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n bu x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r zoonoz x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Haz\u0131rda insanlar aras\u0131nda rast g\u0259lin\u0259n yoluxucu x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259rin 60%-d\u0259n \u00e7oxunun m\u0259hz zoonoz x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r oldu\u011fu bildirilir.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/elmi-meqale-yeni-forma-24.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-13273\" width=\"486\" height=\"486\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/elmi-meqale-yeni-forma-24.jpg 649w, https:\/\/rockvell.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/elmi-meqale-yeni-forma-24-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/rockvell.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/elmi-meqale-yeni-forma-24-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/rockvell.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/elmi-meqale-yeni-forma-24-360x360.jpg 360w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 486px) 100vw, 486px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Etiologiyas\u0131ndan as\u0131l\u0131 olaraq bakteriya, virus, helmint, g\u00f6b\u0259l\u0259k v\u0259 ibtidai m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li zoonoz x\u0259st\u0259lik qruplar\u0131 m\u00f6vcuddur. Bakteriyalar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n t\u00f6r\u0259dil\u0259n qarayara, bruselyoz, tuberkulyoz, salmonelyoz, kampilobakterioz, listerioz, leptospiroz, tetanus, tulyaremiya v\u0259 dig\u0259r x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r bakteriya m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li zoonoz x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r (bakteriozlar) qrupuna aiddir. Viruslar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n t\u00f6r\u0259dil\u0259n COVID-19, qu\u015f qripi, quduzluq, \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259k, dabaq, Q\u0259rbi Nil q\u0131zd\u0131rmas\u0131 v\u0259 dig\u0259r x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r virus m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li zoonoz x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r (virozlar) qrupuna daxildir.&nbsp; Bu x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r epidemiya v\u0259 pandemiyalar\u0131n ba\u015f verm\u0259sin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b ola bil\u0259r. Parazit m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li zoonoz x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r (helmintozlar) qrupuna helmintl\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n t\u00f6r\u0259dil\u0259n sistiserkoz, exinokokkoz, fassiolyoz, trixenellyoz, dioktofimoz, anizakidoz v\u0259 dig\u0259r x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r daxildir. T\u00f6r\u0259dicisi g\u00f6b\u0259l\u0259kl\u0259r olan dermatomikoz, kandidoz v\u0259 dig\u0259r x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r g\u00f6b\u0259l\u0259k (fungal) m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li zoonoz x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r (mikozlar) qrupuna aid edilir. Toksoplazmoz, sarkosistoz, ley\u015fmanioz, lyamblioz v\u0259 dig\u0259r ibtidai (protozoal) m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li zoonoz x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r (protozoozlar) ibtidail\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n t\u00f6r\u0259dilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130nsanlar\u0131n zoonoz x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r\u0259 yoluxmas\u0131 x\u0259st\u0259lik t\u00f6r\u0259dicisinin m\u0259n\u015f\u0259yind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olaraq, m\u00fcxt\u0259lif yollarla ba\u015f verir. Bunlara kontakt yolu (x\u0259st\u0259 heyvan v\u0259 ya insanla birba\u015fa t\u0259mas), alimentar (qidalanma), aerogen (respirator), travmalar, di\u015fl\u0259m\u0259 v\u0259 ya sancmalar daxildir. Zoonoz x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259rin insanlara yoluxmas\u0131nda h\u0259\u015f\u0259rat v\u0259 g\u0259miricil\u0259r d\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck rol oynay\u0131r. M\u00fcasir \u0259d\u0259biyyatlarda \u201cqida m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li zoonoz x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r\u201d ifad\u0259sin\u0259 d\u0259 tez-tez rast g\u0259linir. Bu x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r ad\u0259t\u0259n mikroorqanizml\u0259rl\u0259 \u00e7irkl\u0259nmi\u015f qida m\u0259hsullar\u0131n\u0131n insanlar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n istehlak\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 ba\u015f verir. Avropa Birliyi \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 h\u0259r il 100 minl\u0259rl\u0259 insan\u0131n qida m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li zoonoz x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r\u0259 yoluxmas\u0131 qeyd\u0259 al\u0131n\u0131r. Qida m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li zoonoz infeksiyalara\u00a0<em><strong>Salmonella spp<\/strong>, <strong>E.coli<\/strong>, <strong>Shigella spp<\/strong>, <strong>Campylobacter spp<\/strong>, <strong>Listeria spp<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0v\u0259 dig\u0259rl\u0259rini \u015famil etm\u0259k olar. N\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 almaq laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, zoonoz infeksiyalar heyvan m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li qida m\u0259hsullar\u0131na qida z\u0259ncirinin heyvanlar\u0131n yeti\u015fdirilm\u0259si, k\u0259sim, emal v\u0259 istehlak m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 siray\u0259t ed\u0259 bil\u0259r. Bel\u0259 ki, heyvanlar\u0131n yeti\u015fdirilm\u0259si d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259\u00a0 yeml\u0259rin patogen mikroorqanizml\u0259rl\u0259 \u00e7irkl\u0259nm\u0259si birba\u015fa olaraq heyvanlar\u0131n, dolay\u0131sil\u0259 is\u0259 insanlar\u0131n yoluxmas\u0131na g\u0259tirib \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131r. El\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 helmintl\u0259rin v\u0259 ya onlar\u0131n s\u00fcrf\u0259l\u0259rinin heyvanlar\u0131n \u0259z\u0259l\u0259 toxumas\u0131nda v\u0259 daxili orqanlar\u0131nda lokalizasiya etm\u0259si qida z\u0259ncirinin istehlak m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259 insanlar\u0131n yoluxmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b ola bil\u0259r. K\u0259sim zaman\u0131 sanitar-gigiyenik t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259r\u0259 riay\u0259t olunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0259qdird\u0259, k\u0259sim prosesind\u0259 \u0259t v\u0259 \u0259t m\u0259hsullar\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259d\u0259-ba\u011f\u0131rsaq m\u00f6ht\u0259viyyat\u0131, d\u0259ri v\u0259 s. il\u0259 t\u0259mas\u0131n\u0131n mikrobioloji \u00e7irkl\u0259nm\u0259y\u0259 \u015f\u0259rait yaratmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Emal prosesind\u0259 \u00e7irkl\u0259nmi\u015f s\u0259thl\u0259r v\u0259 ya x\u0259st\u0259 insanlar vasit\u0259sil\u0259 (t\u00fcp\u00fcrc\u0259k, burun ax\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 v\u0259 s.) qida m\u0259hsullar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7irkl\u0259nm\u0259si ba\u015f ver\u0259 bil\u0259r. \u0130stehlak zaman\u0131 haz\u0131r qida m\u0259hsulu m\u00fcvafiq temperatur rejimind\u0259 saxlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 ya termiki emal edilm\u0259diyi (yax\u015f\u0131 q\u0131zd\u0131r\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131) halda, patogenl\u0259rl\u0259 \u00e7irkl\u0259nm\u0259nin yaranmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00fcnyada, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 respublikam\u0131zda heyvan v\u0259 insan sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn potensial risk m\u0259nb\u0259yi olan zoonoz x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r b\u00f6y\u00fck iqtisadi itkil\u0259r\u0259 d\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olur. Odur ki, zoonoz x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259rl\u0259 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 ilk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259 x\u0259st\u0259liyin m\u0259nb\u0259yi v\u0259 yay\u0131lma yollar\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilm\u0259li v\u0259 bunun \u0259sas\u0131nda qabaqlay\u0131c\u0131 z\u0259ruri t\u0259dbirl\u0259r h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilm\u0259lidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\"><strong>Qiyas\u0259ddin C\u0259lladov<\/strong><br><strong>S\u0259bin\u0259 M\u0259mm\u0259dova<\/strong><br><strong>\u00c7i\u00e7\u0259k S\u00fcleymanova<\/strong><br><strong>\u00a0K\u0259mal\u0259 \u018fliyeva<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Zoonoz x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r nec\u0259 yay\u0131l\u0131r? Heyvanlardan insanlara v\u0259 ya insanlardan heyvanlara ke\u00e7\u0259 bil\u0259n v\u0259 h\u0259m insanlarda, h\u0259m d\u0259 heyvanlarda m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 edil\u0259n yoluxucu x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r var. \u00dcmumd\u00fcnya S\u0259hiyy\u0259 T\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131 v\u0259 BMT-nin \u018frzaq v\u0259 K\u0259nd T\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131 T\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n bu&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":13273,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[50,49],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13272"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=13272"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13272\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13276,"href":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13272\/revisions\/13276"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/13273"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=13272"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=13272"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=13272"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}