{"id":6734,"date":"2023-01-10T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-01-10T07:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/?p=6734"},"modified":"2023-01-10T13:52:33","modified_gmt":"2023-01-10T10:52:33","slug":"xirdabuynuzlu-heyvanlarin-cic%c9%99k-x%c9%99st%c9%99liyinin-%c9%99lam%c9%99tl%c9%99ri-v%c9%99-bu-x%c9%99st%c9%99liy%c9%99-qarsi-mubariz%c9%99-t%c9%99dbirl%c9%99ri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/?p=6734","title":{"rendered":"X\u0131rdabuynuzlu heyvanlar\u0131n \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259k x\u0259st\u0259liyinin \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259ri v\u0259 bu x\u0259st\u0259liy\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 t\u0259dbirl\u0259ri"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>X\u0131rdabuynuzlu heyvanlar\u0131n \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259k x\u0259st\u0259liyinin \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259ri v\u0259 bu x\u0259st\u0259liy\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 t\u0259dbirl\u0259ri<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Qoyun v\u0259 ke\u00e7il\u0259rin \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259yi (lat.\u00a0<em>Variola ovina et caprarum<\/em>, ing.<em>Sheep and Goat pox<\/em>) \u2013\u00a0 x\u0131rdabuynuzlu heyvanlar\u0131n virus m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li, k\u0259skin gedi\u015fli, kontagioz infeksion x\u0259st\u0259liyidir. X\u0259st\u0259lik heyvanlar\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc v\u0259 m\u0259cburi k\u0259simi, m\u0259hsuldarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n azalmas\u0131, heyvan m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li xammal\u0131n (d\u0259ri, yun v\u0259 s.) keyfiyy\u0259tinin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259si, h\u0259m\u00e7inin baytarl\u0131q-sanitariya v\u0259 karantin t\u0259dbirl\u0259rin\u0259 s\u0259rf olunan x\u0259rcl\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259t b\u00f6y\u00fck iqtisadi itkil\u0259rl\u0259 s\u0259ciyy\u0259l\u0259nir. X\u0259st\u0259liy\u0259 yoluxmu\u015f heyvanlar aras\u0131nda reproduktiv f\u0259aliyy\u0259tin pozulmas\u0131, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 balasalma hallar\u0131 ba\u015f verir. Bundan \u0259lav\u0259 d\u0259rid\u0259 yaranan \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259k papulalar\u0131n\u0131n yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131 z\u0259d\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259rinin s\u0259naye \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tin\u0259 m\u0259nfi t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259kl\u0259 d\u0259y\u0259rinin azalmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olur. Qoyun v\u0259 ke\u00e7il\u0259rin \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259k x\u0259st\u0259liyi zaman\u0131 heyvan \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc il\u0259 m\u00fc\u015fayi\u0259t olan itkil\u0259rl\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131 (letall\u0131q 80-100%-\u0259 \u00e7ata bil\u0259r), x\u0259st\u0259likd\u0259n sa\u011falm\u0131\u015f heyvanlar\u0131n m\u0259hsuldarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131 ba\u015f verir. X\u0259st\u0259liy\u0259 yoluxmu\u015f s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u0259rin tamamil\u0259 sa\u011falmas\u0131 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 il \u00e7\u0259k\u0259 bil\u0259r. Qoyun v\u0259 ke\u00e7il\u0259r aras\u0131nda m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 olunan \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259k x\u0259st\u0259liyi \u00fczr\u0259 \u00f6l\u00fcm nisb\u0259ti x\u00fcsusil\u0259 cavan heyvanlar aras\u0131nda daha y\u00fcks\u0259k olur. \u00c7i\u00e7\u0259k x\u0259st\u0259liyi diri heyvanlar\u0131n, heyvan m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li m\u0259hsullar\u0131n v\u0259 xammal\u0131n beyn\u0259lxalq ticar\u0259tind\u0259 m\u0259hdudiyy\u0259tl\u0259rin qoyulmas\u0131na, m\u0259cburi peyv\u0259ndl\u0259m\u0259 t\u0259dbirl\u0259rinin h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilm\u0259sin\u0259, heyvanlar\u0131n h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tinin m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na\u00a0 v\u0259 s. bu kimi iqtisadi itkil\u0259r\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olur.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/1673266881elmim__qal__yeniforma_16__jpg.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6735\" width=\"526\" height=\"526\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/1673266881elmim__qal__yeniforma_16__jpg.jpg 800w, https:\/\/rockvell.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/1673266881elmim__qal__yeniforma_16__jpg-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/rockvell.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/1673266881elmim__qal__yeniforma_16__jpg-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/rockvell.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/1673266881elmim__qal__yeniforma_16__jpg-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/rockvell.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/1673266881elmim__qal__yeniforma_16__jpg-360x360.jpg 360w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 526px) 100vw, 526px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u00c7i\u00e7\u0259k x\u0259st\u0259liyinin t\u00f6r\u0259dicisi&nbsp;<em>Poxviridae<\/em>&nbsp;ail\u0259sin\u0259,&nbsp;<em>Capripoxvirus<\/em>&nbsp;cinsin\u0259 m\u0259nsub DNT t\u0259rkibli virusdur. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n m\u00fcxt\u0259lif \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 a\u015fkar edil\u0259n \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259k virusu \u015ftammlar\u0131 antigen x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 identikdir. Qeyd etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259k virusu zoonoz deyildir. Virus \u0259traf m\u00fchit\u0259 x\u0259st\u0259 heyvanlar\u0131n ifrazatlar\u0131 (t\u00fcp\u00fcrc\u0259k, burun seliyi, g\u00f6z ya\u015f\u0131, pustula mayesi, s\u00fcd, sidik v\u0259 s.)&nbsp; v\u0259 quruyaraq qopub d\u00fc\u015f\u0259n \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259k q\u0259rtm\u0259kl\u0259ri il\u0259 yay\u0131l\u0131r. X\u0259st\u0259 heyvanlar\u0131n ax\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 il\u0259 xaric olunan virus sa\u011flam heyvanlar\u0131n aerogen yolla yoluxmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olur. T\u00f6r\u0259dici sa\u011flam heyvanlara x\u0259st\u0259 heyvanlarla t\u0259mas zaman\u0131, ba\u015fl\u0131ca olaraq z\u0259d\u0259l\u0259nmi\u015f d\u0259ri v\u0259 selikli qi\u015falar vasit\u0259sil\u0259 siray\u0259t edir. Virusun alimentar yolla- a\u011f\u0131z bo\u015flu\u011funun z\u0259d\u0259l\u0259nmi\u015f selikli qi\u015fas\u0131 il\u0259 sa\u011flam heyvanlara yoluxmas\u0131 da istisna deyildir. \u00d6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259 x\u0259st\u0259lik tr\u00f6r\u0259dicisi il\u0259 \u00e7irkl\u0259nmi\u015f fomitl\u0259r v\u0259 heyvan m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li m\u0259hsullar vasit\u0259si il\u0259 d\u0259 ba\u015f ver\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Qoyunlar v\u0259 ke\u00e7il\u0259r b\u00fct\u00fcn ya\u015flarda \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259y\u0259 yoluxur. Z\u0259rif yunlu qoyunlar v\u0259 quzular x\u0259st\u0259liy\u0259 daha h\u0259ssas, qaba yunlu qoyunlar is\u0259 nisb\u0259t\u0259n az h\u0259ssasd\u0131rlar. Anqor v\u0259 pridon cinsli ke\u00e7il\u0259r x\u0259st\u0259liyi nisb\u0259t\u0259n a\u011f\u0131r ke\u00e7irirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c7i\u00e7\u0259k x\u0259st\u0259liyinin inkubasiya m\u00fcdd\u0259ti 1-2 h\u0259ft\u0259 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131ndad\u0131r. X\u0259st\u0259lik m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 inki\u015faf edir. X\u0259st\u0259liyin ilkin m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259si heyvanlarda g\u00f6v\u015f\u0259m\u0259nin dayanmas\u0131, t\u0259n\u0259ff\u00fcs\u00fcn \u00e7\u0259tinl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si, konyuktivit v\u0259 rinit \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259ri il\u0259 (g\u00f6z qapaqlar\u0131n\u0131n \u015fi\u015fm\u0259si, g\u00f6z v\u0259 burunda hiperemiya, h\u0259m\u00e7inin serozlu-selikli v\u0259 serozlu-irinli ax\u0131nt\u0131lar) ba\u015flay\u0131r. Eyni zamanda d\u0259rinin yunsuz nahiy\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 (\u0259sas\u0259n ba\u015fda, dodaqlarda, g\u00f6zl\u0259rin \u0259traf\u0131nda, qulaqlarda, \u00f6n v\u0259 arxa \u0259traflar\u0131n daxili s\u0259thind\u0259, xaya torbas\u0131nda v\u0259 yelind\u0259)&nbsp; s\u0259pgil\u0259r \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259lir. X\u0259st\u0259liyin a\u011f\u0131r formas\u0131nda s\u0259pgil\u0259r b\u00fct\u00fcn b\u0259d\u0259ni \u0259hat\u0259 edir. S\u0259pgil\u0259r \u00f6nc\u0259 \u00e7\u0259hray\u0131 r\u0259ngli l\u0259k\u0259l\u0259r \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 olmaqla, x\u0259st\u0259liyin ikinci m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259 q\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 r\u0259ngli k\u0259m\u0259rl\u0259 \u0259hat\u0259 olunmu\u015f papulalara (d\u00fcy\u00fcnl\u0259r\u0259) \u00e7evrilir. X\u0259st\u0259liyin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259 papulalar i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259 \u015f\u0259ffaf maye toplanan vezikulalara (suluqlara), bir ne\u00e7\u0259 g\u00fcnd\u0259n sonra is\u0259 i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259 irin k\u00fctl\u0259si toplanan pustulalara (qabarc\u0131qlara) \u00e7evrilir. Bu zaman b\u0259d\u0259n temperaturunun xeyli y\u00fcks\u0259lm\u0259si (40-42\u00b0 C) heyvan\u0131n \u00fcmumi v\u0259ziyy\u0259tinin pisl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>X\u0259st\u0259liy\u0259 yoluxmu\u015f heyvanlar m\u00fcxt\u0259lif vaxtlarda (3-4 h\u0259ft\u0259) sa\u011fal\u0131r. X\u0259st\u0259liyi&nbsp; a\u011f\u0131r ke\u00e7ir\u0259n heyvanlarda sa\u011flaml\u0131qla ba\u011fl\u0131 b\u0259rpa prosesl\u0259ri z\u0259if gedir. B\u0259z\u0259n yoluxmu\u015f heyvanlarda x\u0259st\u0259liy\u0259 xarakterik xarici s\u0259pgil\u0259r m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 olunmadan x\u0259st\u0259liyin ist\u0259nil\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259 \u00f6l\u00fcm ba\u015f verir. \u00dcmumi \u00f6l\u00fcm nisb\u0259ti \u00e7ox vaxt 10%-d\u0259n az olsa da, b\u0259z\u0259n 50%-i ke\u00e7ir. H\u0259ssas heyvanlarda v\u0259 x\u0259st\u0259liyin a\u011f\u0131r formas\u0131 zaman\u0131 letall\u0131q h\u0259tta 100%-\u0259 \u00e7ata bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>X\u0259st\u0259liy\u0259 diaqnoz epizootoloji, kliniki, patoloji-anatomiki m\u0259lumatlar\u0131n t\u0259hlili v\u0259 mikroskopiya daxil olmaqla, laborator m\u00fcayin\u0259l\u0259rin n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n qoyulur. Diaqnostika m\u0259qs\u0259di il\u0259 qan, d\u0259rinin z\u0259d\u0259l\u0259nmi\u015f hiss\u0259l\u0259ri (t\u0259z\u0259 papulalar), h\u0259m\u00e7inin x\u0259st\u0259lik \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259ri m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 olunan daxili orqan v\u0259 limfa d\u00fcy\u00fcnl\u0259rind\u0259n g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f biomaterial soyuq z\u0259ncir prinsipin\u0259 uy\u011fun olaraq il\u0259 laboratoriyaya g\u00f6nd\u0259rilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>X\u0259st\u0259liy\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 t\u0259dbirl\u0259ri \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 heyvanlar\u0131n profilaktiki olaraq d\u00f6vri peyv\u0259ndl\u0259nm\u0259si z\u0259ruridir. Peyv\u0259ndl\u0259m\u0259 endemik \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259 x\u0259st\u0259liy\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259t etm\u0259k, epidemiyalar zaman\u0131 is\u0259 x\u0259st\u0259liyin yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 t\u0259tbiq olunur. Kliniki sa\u011flam heyvanlar m\u0259cburi peyv\u0259ndl\u0259nm\u0259y\u0259, x\u0259st\u0259 heyvanlar is\u0259 simptomatik m\u00fcalic\u0259y\u0259 c\u0259lb olunur. \u00d6lm\u00fc\u015f heyvanlar\u0131n c\u0259s\u0259dl\u0259ri z\u0259r\u0259rsizl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259kl\u0259 z\u0259ruri dezinfeksiya t\u0259dbirl\u0259ri h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilir. T\u0259dar\u00fck olunan yun v\u0259 dig\u0259r heyvan m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li xammal is\u0259 buxarl\u0131 dezkamerada 110\u00b0 C-d\u0259 z\u0259r\u0259rsizl\u0259\u015fdirilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>X\u0259st\u0259liy\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 spesifik m\u00fcalic\u0259 metodu m\u00f6vcud deyildir. Odur ki, t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfatda x\u0259st\u0259lik ba\u015f verdiyi halda karantin t\u0259tbiq olunur. Bu zaman t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfata heyvanlar\u0131n g\u0259tirilm\u0259si v\u0259 apar\u0131lmas\u0131, x\u0259st\u0259 heyvanlar\u0131n sa\u011flam heyvanlarla birg\u0259 otar\u0131l\u0131b suvar\u0131lmas\u0131, heyvanlar\u0131n q\u0131rx\u0131lmas\u0131, x\u0259st\u0259 heyvanlarla t\u0259masda olmu\u015f yeml\u0259rin t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfatdan \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lmas\u0131, t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat \u0259razisin\u0259 n\u0259qliyyat vasit\u0259l\u0259rinin, h\u0259m\u00e7inin k\u0259nar \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259rinin giri\u015f-\u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f\u0131, heyvanlar\u0131n v\u0259 heyvandarl\u0131q m\u0259hsullar\u0131n\u0131n sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 yolverilm\u0259zdir. Virusun x\u0259st\u0259 heyvanlar, h\u0259m\u00e7inin fomitl\u0259r v\u0259 yun kimi heyvan m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li m\u0259hsullar vasit\u0259sil\u0259 s\u00fcr\u00fcy\u0259 siray\u0259t etm\u0259&nbsp; ehtimal\u0131 y\u00fcks\u0259k oldu\u011fundan, biot\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik&nbsp; t\u0259dbirl\u0259rin\u0259 riay\u0259t olunmas\u0131 v\u0259 t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfata yeni g\u0259tirilmi\u015f heyvanlar\u0131n karantind\u0259 saxlan\u0131lmas\u0131 z\u0259ruridir.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Qeyd etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, qoyun v\u0259 ke\u00e7il\u0259rin \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259k x\u0259st\u0259liyi x\u00fcsusi t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259li x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r s\u0131ras\u0131na daxil oldu\u011fundan x\u0259st\u0259liy\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 profilaktiki peyv\u0259ndl\u0259m\u0259 t\u0259dbirl\u0259ri d\u00f6vl\u0259t t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilir. Heyvanlar aras\u0131nda x\u0259st\u0259lik \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259ri m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 edildiyi t\u0259qdird\u0259 \u0259halinin bu bar\u0259d\u0259 d\u0259rhal baytar h\u0259kimin\u0259 v\u0259 aidiyy\u0259ti qurumlara m\u0259lumat verm\u0259si t\u00f6vsiy\u0259 edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>M\u0259qal\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Qida T\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyi \u0130nstitutunun \u201cElmi Ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar M\u0259rk\u0259zi\u201d departamentinin m\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssisl\u0259ri \u015e.B.M\u0259mm\u0259dova, R.S.K\u0259ng\u0259rli, K.N.\u018fliyeva t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n haz\u0131rlan\u0131b.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>X\u0131rdabuynuzlu heyvanlar\u0131n \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259k x\u0259st\u0259liyinin \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259ri v\u0259 bu x\u0259st\u0259liy\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 t\u0259dbirl\u0259ri Qoyun v\u0259 ke\u00e7il\u0259rin \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259yi (lat.\u00a0Variola ovina et caprarum, ing.Sheep and Goat pox) \u2013\u00a0 x\u0131rdabuynuzlu heyvanlar\u0131n virus m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li, k\u0259skin gedi\u015fli, kontagioz infeksion x\u0259st\u0259liyidir. X\u0259st\u0259lik heyvanlar\u0131n&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":6735,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[50,12],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6734"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6734"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6734\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6736,"href":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6734\/revisions\/6736"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/6735"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6734"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6734"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rockvell.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6734"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}